About
The lands that today comprise
Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes
formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent Communist
state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four
years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands. Under UN
supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998.
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Source: The World Factbook
Population: 4,495,904 (July 2005 est.)
Capital: Zagreb
Languages: Croatian 96.1%, Serbian 1%,
other and undesignated 2.9% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and German) (2001 census)
Religions: Roman Catholic 87.8%, Orthodox 4.4%, other Christian 0.4%, Muslim 1.3%, other and unspecified 0.9%, none 5.2%
(2001 census)
Government: presidential/parliamentary democracy
Climate: Mediterranean and continent_idal;
continent_idal climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast
Terrain: geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic
coastline and islands
Geography: controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish Straits
Ethnic groups: Croat 89.6%, Serb 4.5%, other 5.9% (including Bosniak, Hungarian, Slovene, Czech, and Roma) (2001 census)
Economy: Before the dissolution
of Yugoslavia, the Republic of Croatia, after Slovenia, was the most prosperous and industrialized area, with a per capita
output perhaps one-third above the Yugoslav average. The economy emerged from a mild recession in 2000 with tourism, banking,
and public investments leading the way. Unemployment remains high, at about 18 percent, with structural factors slowing its
decline. While macroeconomic stabilization has largely been achieved, structural reforms lag because of deep resistance on the
part of the public and lack of strong support from politicians. Growth, while impressively about 3% to 4% for the last several
years, has been stimulated, in part, through high fiscal deficits and rapid credit growth. The EU accession process should
accelerate fiscal and structural reform.
GDP per capita: purchasing power parity - $11,600 (2005 est.)
GDP real growth: 3.2%
(2005 est.)
Unemployment rate: 18.7% official rate; labor force surveys indicate
unemployment around 14% (December 2004 est.)
Internet country code: .hr
Dial code: +385
Cities
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Local currency is the Croatian Kuna
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